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Aug. 1, 2026

The Chinese Must Go: The California Workingmen’s Party & Chinese Exclusion

The Chinese Must Go: The California Workingmen’s Party & Chinese Exclusion

In 1877 the nation came to a virtual standstill as labor united against the exploitive railroad companies. As workers protested unfair business practices in the east, racial animosity in California mixed with economic precarity led workers down a very different path. Join me as I explore the rise and fall of the Workingmen's Party of California and its impact on anti-Chinese sentiment and federal policy in the late 19th century.

SOURCES

Barbell, Rudi. "Free Labour, Capitalism and the Anti-Slavery Origins of Chinese Exclusion in California in the 1870s." Past & Present. No. 225. November 2014. pp. 143 - 186. Oxford University of Press. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24545166

Glass, Fred B. “Sandlots and Silver Kings: THE WORKINGMEN’S PARTY OF CALIFORNIA.” In From Mission to Microchip: A History of the California Labor Movement, 1st ed. University of California Press, 2016. http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1525/j.ctv1xxsfk.11.

Kauer, Ralph. "The Workingmen's Party of California." Pacific Historical Review. Vol. 13, No. 3. Sep. 1944, pp. 278 -291. University of California Press. http://www.jstor.com/stable/3635954

Ira Brown Cross, A History of the Labor Movement in California, vol. 14 (University of California Press, 1935), 96–97.

Luo, Micheal. Strangers in the Land: Exclusion, Belonging, and the Epic Story of the Chinese in America. United States: Penguin Random House, 2025.

Saxton, Alexander. "The Workingmen's Party." The Indispensable Enemy: Labor and the Anti-Chinese Movement in California. United States: University of California Press, 1995.

"The Workingmen's Party of California, 1877-1882." California Historical Quarterly. Vol. 55, No. 1. Spring 1976. pp. 58-73. University of California Press. https://www.jstor.org/stable/25157609

White, Richard. The Republic for Which It Stands: The United States During Reconstruction and the Gilded Age, 1865-1896. United Kingdom: Oxford University Press, (n.d.).